Connectivity - Posted on 2014-02-28 by Kiley Cudmore

February 28th, 2014, Session time; 8:00am-9:30am

Order of flow starting with; 1. Instuments vibrations occur when played. 2. The vibrations are then "picked up" by microphones called pick ups. 3. The Pick ups change the vibrations into low level electric voltage. 4. Low level voltage is then fed into an amplifier which boosts the current and allows the amplified sound heard through speakers. 5. A microphone placed in front of the speaker will pick up the sound through the amp and convert it back into low electrical voltage. 6. The voltage from the microphone is fed to a microphone preamplifier, which will increase the voltage from the mic to line level. 7. The resulting line level signal is then fed to the anolog to digital convertor where the electrical voltage is converted into digital audio. 8. The digital audio signal is then fed into your protools session and saved to a harddrive. After being recorded, the digital audio is sent to your DAC which converts binary samples to analog voltage, the AV can then be sent to your studio moniters and headphones through soundwaves. Signal flow- the path a signal takes from beggining to end. Cable- set of wires that are isolated from one another, wrapped together in a rubber jacket, aslo a connector, or what connects for ex; Two conductor connectors- used for making connections which consist of only 2 components; hot and cold/ hot and ground -has 2 seperate, isolated, conductors which are intended to connect special wires. -ex; NL2 speakon/ double banana/ unbalanced 1/4 TRS sleeve/ RCA/ BNC. Three Conductor Connectors- consist of 3 seperated, isolated conductors. -ex; XLR/ balanced 1/4 TRS/ TTBantam. Multipin Connectors- allow many isolated signals to be sent stimultaneously through one connection. Each pin is crimped to a corresponding wire, common for when many channels of audio are being sent in and out. -ex; ELCO, DL, D-SUB, DB25, CAT5. Analog Cables- speaker wire, coaxial, single, conductor, wire with sheild, 2 conductor wire with sheild, and multi conductor. -used to pass analog signals/low voltage electricity. Microphone level= -60db. Intrumental= -30 db. Consumer= -10. Proline level= +4db. Unbalanced connections- electical guitar and amplifier/ hot + ground. Balanced Connections- mic and preamp/ hot, cold, and analog connection. -allow signals to travel a longer distance without degrading, and offering a higher degree of noise isolation. ANALOG CABLES: RCA cables- used for consumer grade audio components. -ex; turntables, cdplayers, home stereo power amps. -instrumental level/unbalanced. -pin,hot -outer prongs, connected to ground. XLR cables- mic cable -the connector has 3 seperate pins which are used to carry hot, cold, and ground. -contains a male and female end. -flowing from input (female) to the output (male). TRS cables- balanced 1/4 or tip ring sleeve, has 3 wires that are attached to diff. parts of the connector. -tip=hot, ring=cold, sleeve=ground. ELCO- carry up to 28 channels of balanced audio (84wires) and connect through one single connector. A pin is attached to each wire which a crimping tool, when the screw is tightened the pins in the male conductor push up against the femals pins. Other analog cables include; instument, speaker, BCN, tiny telephone, DL, D-SUB cables, and snakes. DIGITAL CABLES; Light pipes/ADAT cables- use fireoptics to trasmit digital info in one direction on each pipe. -they support ADAT, SMUX, SMUXZ, and S/PDIF. MADI- protocol that uses BNC cables to carry vmulti channel digital audio. -AES standard. -can transfer up to 64 channels over a single cable using serial digital transmission. Other Digital cables include; S/PDIF, AES, IDIF, BCN, mLAN, Digi links cables, Thunderbolt, USB, and cat5/RJ45. Patch Bays- privide a central hub where all analog audio connections can be made, and dictating the default signal flow of the studio. -2 most common are 96 point TT and 48 point TRS, both found in single space 19" rack panels. Breaking Normal- uses patch cables to reroute signal and change the signal flow from default. Fully Normalled- broken when a patch cable is inserted into either top or bottom rack. Half Normalled- only patching into bottom jack will break normal. Parallel- normal cannot be broken. Open- no connection between top and bottom rows. Split- one set of inputs or outputs feeds both to p and bottom row, with the trop mirroring the bottom.